From "hammer" to "Sally," here is some cornhole specific vocab.  Don't worry, you're not expected to know any of this.
 

Ace or cow pie 

A bag lands on the board, which is worth one point.
 

Back door 

A cornhole that goes over the top of a blocker and into the hole.

 

Backstop 

A bag that lands past the cornhole but remains on the board creating a backboard for a slider to knock into without going off the board.
 

Blocker 

An ace that lands in front of the hole, essentially blocking the hole from sliders.
 

Cornfusion 

When players or teams cannot agree on the scoring of a given inning.
 

Cornhole or Drāno 

A bag falls in the hole, which is worth three points. The alternative name is a reference to a trademark, that of a sink clog clearing product.
 

Dirty bag 

A bag that is on the ground or is hanging off the board touching the ground.
 

Dirty roll up 

A point scored when the bag hits the ground before landing on the board.
 

Gusher or Jumanji or double deuce or Catorce

Four cornholes by a single player in a single round.
 

Hammer 

The last bag tossed each round.
 

Hanger or Shook 

An ace on the lip of the hole ready to drop.
 

Honors 

The team who tosses first, resulting from the team scoring last.
 

Hooker 

A bag hitting the board and hooking or curving around a blocker and going in the hole.
 

Jumper 

A bag that strikes another bag on the board causing it to jump up into the cornhole.
 

Leprechaun 

When a player attains all four bags onto the board without getting any into the hole.
 

Police 

The cornhole referee.
 

Romanyk 

When a player sinks all four bags in a row. (Menage a Manyk) Is when the Romanyk is completed back to back.
 

Sally  

A toss that is thrown too weakly and lands on the ground before reaching the board.
 

Shucker 

When a player pitches a bag and it strikes an opposing players bag knocking it off the board.
 

Skunk or whitewash, shutout

A game that, by some rules, ends in an 11–0 score.
 

Slider 

A cornhole that slides into the hole.
 

Swish

A bag that goes directly in the hole without touching the board.

 

This (and more) about cornhole available from the Wikipedia cornhole entry.